mixed
mixed indicates that a parameter may accept multiple (but not necessarily all) types.
gettype() for example will accept all PHP types, while str_replace() will accept strings and arrays.
callback
Some functions like call_user_func() or usort() accept user defined callback functions as a parameter. Callback functions can not only be simple functions but also object methods including static class methods.
A PHP function is simply passed by its name as a string. You can pass any builtin or user defined function with the exception of array(), echo(), empty(), eval(), exit(), isset(), list(), print() and unset().
A method of an instantiated object is passed as an array containing an object as the element with index 0 and a method name as the element with index 1.
Static class methods can also be passed without instantiating an object of that class by passing the class name instead of an object as the element with index 0.
Example 6-11. Callback function examples <?php
// simple callback example
function my_callback_function() {
echo 'hello world!';
}
call_user_func('my_callback_function');
// method callback examples
class MyClass {
function myCallbackMethod() {
echo 'Hello World!';
}
}
// static class method call without instantiating an object
call_user_func(array('MyClass', 'myCallbackMethod'));
// object method call
$obj = new MyClass();
call_user_func(array(&$obj, 'myCallbackMethod'));
?> |
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